ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE AND MUTAGENESISModule ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS
Academic Year 2022/2023 - Teacher: Salvatore SACCONEExpected Learning Outcomes
The ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS teaching aims to deepen the knowledge of the main methods for monitoring genotoxicity in environmental matrices by in vitro tests with mammalian cells and the knowledge of the main biomonitoring methods for human populations exposed to agents with genotoxic activity. From the application point of view, the course also aims to provide students with methodological skills related to the use of in vitro biological systems for the genotoxicity analysis of environmental matrices of various nature.
Course Structure
Classroom lessons and laboratory activities.
Should teaching be carried out in mixed mode or remotely, it may be necessary to introduce changes with respect to previous statements, in line with the programme planned and outlined in the syllabus.
Detailed Course Content
General principles of mutagenesis. The environmental factors that damage DNA. The mutagen and promutagen compounds. The main human patohologies related to envronmental pollutants. Cancer and genes involved in tumorigenesis. Oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes.
The mutagenesis tests. The short and long term tests. The in vivo and in vitro tests. Test using bacteria. The Ames test.
In vitro tests with mammalian cells. Cell cultures and the chinese hamster cell lines. The cytogenetic analysis: the chromosomal aberration and the SCE tests. The micronucleus test. The comet-assay.
Realization of a t est of mutagenesis with mammalian cells. The OECD guidelines. Preparation of the compound and the use of solvents. The positive and the negative controls. Statistical analysis of the results.
Genomic and post-genomic analyses. Methods to evaluate biomarkers and to identify gene mutations. Array CGH and molecular cytogenetic analysis.
Epigenetic biomarker analyses. Analysis of global DNA and gene-specific methylation. The histone modifications.
Monitoring of genotoxicity in environmental samples: air, water, soil.
Biomonitoring of human populations. The biomarker of exposition, of effect and of susceptibility.
Textbook Information
L. Migliore. GENOMICA E MUTAGENESI AMBIENTALE. Zanichelli, Bologna, 2018.
Course Planning
| Subjects | Text References | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Principi generali di mutagenesi. | Cap. 1, 2, 3, 4, 6. |
| 2 | I composti mutageni e i composti promutageni. | Cap. 5 |
| 3 | I sistemi di riparazione del DNA. | Cap. 7 |
| 4 | Tumori e geni coinvolti nella tumorigenesi. Oncogeni e antioncogeni. | Cap. 8 e Diapositive lezioni |
| 5 | I test di mutagenesi in vitro con microrganismi.. | Cap. 10 e Diapositive lezioni |
| 6 | Test in vitro con cellule di mammifero. | Cap. 11 e Diapositive lezioni |
| 7 | Analisi genomiche e post-genomiche. | Cap. 13 |
| 8 | Analisi di biomarcatori epigenetici. | Cap. 14 |
| 9 | Monitoraggio della genotossicità in matrici ambientali: aria, acqua, suolo. | Cap. 15, 16, 17. |
| 10 | Biomonitoraggio di popolazioni umane. | Cap. 18 |